--------------------------------- README ---------------------------------------- This directory contains a collection of Finite Element Model (FEM) simulations that demonstrate how elastic anisotropy influences wave propagation flux deviation for two different FEM mesh sizes. Results are summarized in two directories listed below for discussion in ESM5344, "Wave Propagation in Solids". - w30x60 - w45x180 The 30x60 mesh is a minimum mesh size that demonstrates how elastic anisotropy influences various wave propagation properties. However this low density mesh exhibits significant dispersion. The 45x180 mesh is a larger mesh that demonstrates the same properties but with a higher density the simulation exhibits less dispersion and yields more accurate results. The larger mesh takes 18 times longer to calculate results. Simulation results of the smaller (less dense) mesh however displays the longitudinal and transverse deformations of the L, T, QL, and QT wave types more clearly shows the transverse (T) and longitudinal (L) deformations using a mesh -- not color gradients. The less dense mesh displays a mesh with larger squares. For the larger 45x180 mesh larger images are archived at 300dpi to display the same T and L deformations. Animations are also created at higher resolutions to display T-L deforamtions, that exceed current display resolutions, however we anticipate the future display resolutions will accomodate these image and animation resolutions. Here we selected unidirectional Graphite/ Epoxy (Gr/Ep) because its' elastic anisotropy results in peculiar properties: wave velocities, vibration directions, and energy flux deviations. These properties have been analytically predicted and experimentally verified in previous publications which are used to examine FEM simulations summarized here. Unlike crystals, elastic anisotropy of Gr/EP are functions of its' constituent fiber and matrix properties together with fiber volume fraction. References: Kriz, R.D. and Ledbetter, H.M. "Elastic Representation Surfaces of Unidirectional Graphite/Epoxy Composites", II U.S.-Japan Conference on Composite Materials, ASTM STP 864, Eds. J.R. Vinson and M. Taya, American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, pp. 661-675, 1985. Kriz, R.D. and Heyliger, P.R., "Finite Element Model of Stress Wave Topology in Unidirectional Graphite/Epoxy: Wave Velocities and Flux Deviations,"Review of Progress in Quantitative Nondestructive Evaluation, Vol.8A, Plenum Publishing Corp., pg 141-148, 1989. Kriz, R.D. and Gary J.M., "Numerical Simulation and Visualization Models of Stress Wave propagation in Graphite/Epoxy Composites,"Review of Progress in Quantitative Nondestructive Evaluation, Vol.9, Plenum Publishing Corp., pg 125-132, 1990. Vandenbossche, B. and Kriz, R.D.,and Oshima, T." Stress Wave Displacement Polarizations and Attenuation in Unidirectional Composites: Theory and Experiment,"J. Research In Nondestructive Evaluation, Vol. 8, No. 2, pp. 101-123, 1996.